— in expenses

Pursuant to its Articles of Incorporation, Temple University Health System (TUHS) serves as the sole member of the corporate Affiliates that own and operate hospitals and other health care service providers. Through its Affiliates, TUHS: (1) provides access to sites and programs for clinical training for the Temple University School of Medicine (TUSM) and otherwise supports the academic mission of TUSM; (2) provides access to medical and surgical aid to sick and disabled persons without regard to race, creed, color, sex, or national origin; and (3) supports such educational, philanthropic, and scientific (including research) activities as are part of an efficient modern health care system as part of an academic medical center.