Largest U.S. Nonprofits by Revenue:
2024 Rankings
Kaiser Foundation Health Plan leads the U.S. nonprofit sector with $82.5 billion in annual revenue. The top 1% of nonprofits — just 4,650 organizations — control 77% of the sector's $2.34 trillion in total revenue. Here are the full rankings.
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Largest by Revenue
$82.5B
Total Sector Revenue
$2.34T
Organizations with $1B+
320
Organizations Filed
464,924
Tax year 2024 data from 464,924 organizations with positive revenue filed on IRS Form 990. Revenue includes all sources reported in Part I: contributions, program service revenue, investment income, and other revenue. We continuously update our datasets as new filings become available from the IRS.
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Top 25 Largest U.S. Nonprofits by Revenue
The 25 highest-revenue nonprofit organizations based on tax year 2024 Form 990 filings. Healthcare systems dominate the list, with 20 of the top 25 being hospital networks or health plans. Kaiser Foundation Health Plan leads at $82.5 billion.
| Organization | State | Sector | Revenue | Expenses | Total Assets |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kaiser Foundation Health Plan | CA | Healthcare | $82.5B | $82.2B | $33.5B |
| Kaiser Foundation Hospitals | CA | Healthcare | $38.2B | $33.8B | $87.4B |
| Cleveland Clinic Foundation | OH | Healthcare | $17.2B | $16.1B | $26.5B |
| Mayo Clinic Group Return | MN | Healthcare | $14.9B | $14.3B | $17.9B |
| Healthfirst PHSP Inc | NY | Healthcare | $12.2B | $12.0B | $4.2B |
| Thrivent Financial for Lutherans | MN | Financial Services | $11.8B | $11.2B | $118.0B |
| Bon Secours Mercy Health | OH | Healthcare | $11.5B | $11.2B | $14.4B |
| Spectrum Health System | MI | Healthcare | $11.5B | $11.2B | $6.8B |
| BJC Health System | MO | Healthcare | $11.3B | $10.6B | $8.0B |
| AARP | DC | Advocacy | $11.0B | $1.8B | $13.1B |
| Banner Health | AZ | Healthcare | $10.8B | $9.3B | $17.7B |
| NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital | NY | Healthcare | $10.7B | $10.1B | $21.9B |
| IHC Health Services (Intermountain) | UT | Healthcare | $10.7B | $9.5B | $18.7B |
| Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust | WA | Philanthropy | $10.2B | $8.5B | $77.6B |
| Providence Health & Services | WA | Healthcare | $9.7B | $9.3B | $9.3B |
| Cleveland Clinic Foundation (Sub) | OH | Healthcare | $9.7B | $9.4B | $17.4B |
| Hackensack Meridian Health | NJ | Healthcare | $8.8B | $8.3B | $7.6B |
| CareSource | OH | Healthcare | $8.6B | $8.5B | $2.2B |
| Memorial Sloan Kettering | NY | Healthcare | $8.5B | $7.9B | $15.5B |
| Adventist Health System | FL | Healthcare | $8.3B | $6.9B | $14.1B |
| Mayo Clinic | MN | Healthcare | $7.9B | $6.3B | $26.7B |
| Advocate Health and Hospitals | IL | Healthcare | $7.8B | $8.3B | $23.8B |
| RWJ Barnabas Health | NJ | Healthcare | $7.8B | $7.3B | $9.7B |
| Aurora Health Care | WI | Healthcare | $7.4B | $6.9B | $8.0B |
| Healthfirst Health Plan | NY | Healthcare | $7.0B | $6.9B | $2.2B |
Source: IRS Form 990 electronically filed returns, Tax year 2024. Revenue, expenses, and assets from IRS Form 990 Part I.. 25 categories shown.
Get more data →Nonprofit Revenue Distribution by Size Tier
The nonprofit sector is heavily concentrated at the top. The 320 organizations with $1B+ in revenue account for 45.6% of total sector revenue, while the 177,606 organizations with under $100K in revenue account for just 0.3%.
| Revenue Tier | # Organizations | Total Revenue | Median Revenue | Mean Revenue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| $1B+ | 320 | $1.06T | $1.95B | $3.33B |
| $100M - $1B | 2,154 | $589.8B | $195.0M | $273.8M |
| $10M - $100M | 14,346 | $404.3B | $20.2M | $28.2M |
| $1M - $10M | 67,099 | $202.6B | $2.2M | $3.0M |
| $100K - $1M | 203,399 | $67.7B | $251,309 | $332,988 |
| Under $100K | 177,606 | $7.7B | $42,394 | $43,419 |
Source: IRS Form 990 electronically filed returns, Tax year 2024. 464,924 organizations with positive revenue.. 6 categories shown.
Get more data →States with the Most Large Nonprofits ($100M+ Revenue)
New York leads with 323 nonprofits exceeding $100M in revenue, followed by California with 247. California's large nonprofits generate more total revenue ($281.8B) than any other state, driven by the Kaiser health system.
| State | # Large Orgs | Total Revenue | Median Revenue |
|---|---|---|---|
| New York | 323 | $210.0B | $215.1M |
| California | 247 | $281.8B | $239.3M |
| Texas | 143 | $68.9B | $217.5M |
| Florida | 109 | $54.1B | $214.9M |
| Illinois | 98 | $49.6B | $201.9M |
| Ohio | 89 | $89.8B | $268.6M |
| Virginia | 83 | $56.2B | $257.7M |
| Pennsylvania | 79 | $42.0B | $222.2M |
| Georgia | 76 | $27.8B | $230.7M |
| Washington | 76 | $66.4B | $287.0M |
Source: IRS Form 990 electronically filed returns, Tax year 2024. Nonprofits with $100M+ revenue, states with 10+ qualifying organizations.. 10 categories shown.
Get more data →Revenue by Nonprofit Sector
Healthcare dominates the nonprofit sector with over $1 trillion in total revenue — more than the next four sectors combined. Philanthropy & Voluntarism ranks second at $186.5B, largely driven by community foundations and grantmaking organizations.
| Sector | # Organizations | Total Revenue | Median Revenue |
|---|---|---|---|
| Healthcare | 13,847 | $1.01T | $490,596 |
| Philanthropy & Voluntarism | 54,116 | $186.5B | $128,264 |
| Human Services | 36,443 | $102.8B | $218,978 |
| Education | 41,142 | $76.1B | $121,303 |
| Mutual Benefit | 3,968 | $56.7B | $178,942 |
| International | 7,516 | $37.0B | $199,810 |
| Public & Societal Benefit | 6,220 | $29.7B | $126,744 |
| Community Improvement | 19,022 | $27.7B | $174,976 |
| Housing & Shelter | 10,781 | $25.7B | $370,929 |
| Arts & Culture | 28,197 | $23.0B | $132,105 |
Source: IRS Form 990 electronically filed returns, Tax year 2024. Based on NTEE code classification. Sectors with 100+ organizations shown.. 10 categories shown.
Get more data →Revenue Concentration in the Nonprofit Sector
A small number of organizations account for the vast majority of nonprofit revenue.
The U.S. nonprofit sector generated $2.34 trillion in total revenue in tax year 2024 across 464,924 organizations. But this revenue is extraordinarily concentrated: the top 1% of nonprofits — just 4,650 organizations — account for 77% of all revenue. The top 5% account for over 90%.
77%
of total nonprofit revenue
is controlled by the top 1% of organizations (4,650 out of 464,924).
The median nonprofit has revenue of just $160,233 — a fraction of the $5 million average. This enormous gap between mean and median ($5.0M vs. $160K) illustrates how a handful of multi-billion-dollar organizations skew the sector averages. Most nonprofits are small: 38% have revenue under $100K, and 82% have revenue under $1M.
The $1 Billion Club
Only 320 nonprofits have annual revenue exceeding $1 billion. These organizations — mostly large hospital systems and health plans — collectively generate $1.06 trillion, or 45.6% of all nonprofit revenue. Kaiser Foundation Health Plan alone accounts for 3.5% of the entire sector.
Healthcare Dominates the Largest Nonprofits
Hospital systems and health plans account for 20 of the top 25 nonprofits by revenue.
The dominance of healthcare in the nonprofit revenue rankings is striking. Of the top 25 nonprofits, 20 are healthcare organizations — hospital networks, health plans, or integrated delivery systems. Healthcare organizations collectively account for over $1 trillion in revenue, more than the next four largest sectors combined.
Hospital Systems
Large integrated health systems like Kaiser ($82.5B + $38.2B across two entities), Cleveland Clinic ($17.2B), and Mayo Clinic ($14.9B) dominate the rankings. These systems operate hundreds of facilities and employ tens of thousands of workers.
Health Plans
Nonprofit health insurers like Healthfirst ($12.2B) and CareSource ($8.6B) also rank among the largest. These Medicaid-focused managed care organizations handle billions in premium revenue.
Non-Healthcare Giants
The few non-healthcare organizations in the top 25 include Thrivent Financial ($11.8B, fraternal benefits), AARP ($11.0B, advocacy), and the Gates Foundation Trust ($10.2B, philanthropy).
This concentration reflects the reality that healthcare is the largest segment of the U.S. economy. Nonprofit hospitals operate under 501(c)(3) status and are required to provide community benefits in exchange for tax exemption, which includes charity care, medical research, and health education programs.
Geographic Distribution of Large Nonprofits
Large nonprofits cluster in states with major metro areas and healthcare hubs.
New York leads all states with 323 nonprofits exceeding $100M in revenue, followed by California with 247. However, California's large nonprofits generate more total revenue ($281.8B vs. $210.0B) due to the massive Kaiser health system. Ohio punches above its population weight with 89 large nonprofits generating $89.8B in revenue, driven by the Cleveland Clinic and other health systems.
East Coast Concentration
New York (323), Virginia (83), Pennsylvania (79), and New Jersey have high concentrations of large nonprofits. Virginia's numbers reflect the many national associations and government-adjacent organizations headquartered near Washington D.C.
Emerging Hubs
Georgia (76 large nonprofits) and Washington state (76) have become significant nonprofit hubs. Washington benefits from the Gates Foundation and several major health systems, while Georgia's growth reflects Atlanta's role as a regional healthcare and charitable center.
Understanding Nonprofit Revenue
What counts as revenue on the Form 990.
Total revenue on the Form 990 (Part I, Line 12) includes all income sources: contributions and grants, program service revenue (fees for services), investment income, and other revenue. For healthcare organizations, program service revenue (patient fees, insurance payments) typically represents the vast majority of total revenue.
Key Revenue Components
Contributions & grants: donations, government grants, and foundation funding
Program service revenue: fees charged for services (hospital charges, tuition, ticket sales)
Investment income: returns on endowments, reserves, and other investments
Other revenue: rental income, royalties, and miscellaneous sources
Revenue vs. Budget vs. Expenses
Revenue and expenses can differ significantly. AARP reported $11.0B in revenue but only $1.8B in expenses — much of its revenue flows through to insurance partners. When evaluating organizational size, consider both revenue and expenses for a fuller picture.
How This Data Is Calculated
Transparency in methodology builds trust.
Sample Size
464,924 organizations
Data Source
IRS Form 990 electronically filed returns
Period
Tax year 2024
Revenue data comes from Form 990 Part I, Line 12 (total revenue). Only organizations with positive revenue and complete processing status are included. Data quality flags are used to exclude anomalous records. Revenue figures include all sources: contributions, program service revenue, investment income, and other revenue.
Revenue Source
Total revenue is from Form 990 Part I, Line 12, which aggregates contributions, program service revenue, investment income, and other revenue. All monetary values are stored in cents and converted to dollars for display.
One Filing Per Organization
Each organization is counted once per tax year. For organizations with multiple filings (amendments), the most recent complete filing is used.
Data Quality
Records with data quality flags are excluded. Only filings with processing_status = 'complete' and positive revenue are included. This filtering removes test filings, incomplete records, and known anomalies.
Sector Classification
Sectors are based on the first letter of the organization's NTEE code from the IRS Business Master File. Organizations without NTEE codes are excluded from sector breakdowns but included in overall totals.
State Assignment
State is based on the organization's filing address. Organizations may operate in multiple states but are counted in their filing state only.
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